Engineered wood floors are an excellent choice for many homeowners due to their durability, aesthetic appeal, and ability to withstand environmental changes better than solid wood. However, despite their enhanced stability, engineered wood floors can still warp after water damage. This is especially true in high-humidity environments or when exposed to direct moisture from spills, leaks, or floods.
When water damage occurs, it can lead to several issues like cupping, swelling, or crowning, which are forms of warping in engineered flooring. These problems can be a significant inconvenience and can even affect the overall appearance of your floor, making it crucial to address them promptly.
In this blog, we will explore the causes of engineered wood floor warping, how to deal with it, and the steps you can take to prevent future water damage. Whether you’re dealing with moisture from leaks, high humidity, spills, or other causes, we’ll help you navigate the steps to fix the issue and maintain your flooring for years to come.
What are Engineered Floors?
Engineered floors are multi-layered flooring options designed for durability and stability. They consist of a top layer of real hardwood veneer bonded to layers of plywood or high-density fiberboard, providing enhanced resistance to moisture and temperature fluctuations. Unlike solid wood, engineered floors can be installed in various environments, including basements, and offer the natural beauty of hardwood with improved versatility and easier installation.
What Causes Engineered Floors to Warp?
1. Excessive Moisture and Humidity Changes
Excessive moisture exposure is the primary cause of engineered floor warping. When the floor absorbs water, it expands and warps. This can occur from plumbing leaks, appliance malfunctions, spills, or even high humidity in the room. Over time, prolonged exposure to moisture leads to swelling and warping, making the floor look uneven.
2. Spills and Leaks
Spills and leaks from sources like appliances, plumbing, or even weather-related flooding can saturate the engineered floor, causing moisture to be absorbed into the core. If not cleaned up immediately, this moisture can compromise the integrity of the floor. Leaks from roofs, pipes, or appliances can also contribute to the issue, leading to long-term water damage that results in warped boards.
3. Humidity Fluctuations
High or low humidity levels can significantly affect engineered floors. If the humidity is too high, the wood absorbs moisture, leading to swelling and cupping. On the other hand, low humidity can cause the wood to shrink, which can also lead to issues like cracking or gapping between boards. Maintaining a stable indoor humidity level is essential to prevent warping.
4. Temperature Changes
Extreme fluctuations in temperature can lead to moisture imbalances in engineered wood. High heat may cause the wood to shrink, while cooler temperatures may cause it to expand. Over time, this can lead to warping, especially if the floor hasn’t been acclimated properly during installation.
5. Installation Errors
Improper installation is another cause of engineered wood floor warping. If the floor is not acclimated to the room’s temperature and humidity before installation, it can absorb moisture after installation, leading to warping. Similarly, subfloor issues or incorrect fastening of the planks can also cause warping due to poor support or uneven pressure on the floor.
How to Fix Warped Engineered Floors After Water Damage
If your engineered floor has warped due to water damage, the following steps can help restore it to its original state. Keep in mind that some issues might be easily reversible with the right steps, while others may require replacing damaged sections of the floor.
1. Assess the Extent of the Damage
The first step in dealing with warped engineered flooring is assessing the damage. Look for signs of swelling, cupping (where the edges of the boards rise), or crowning (where the center of the board rises). If only a small area is affected, it may be possible to fix it without replacing entire planks. If the warping is extensive, you may need to replace several planks.
2. Dry Out the Moisture
If you notice warping shortly after water exposure, it’s essential to dry the floor as quickly as possible. Use a dehumidifier to remove excess moisture from the air and floor. If the affected area is significant, you may need to run the dehumidifier for several days to ensure the wood dries completely.
3. Control Humidity Levels
Use your HVAC system or a dehumidifier to maintain a stable humidity level in the room. Humidity should be between 30% and 50% for optimal floor health. Keeping your home’s indoor environment stable helps prevent future warping and moisture damage.
4. Repair Minor Warping with a Floor Sander
For minor warping, you may be able to sand the affected areas. A floor sander can be used to smooth out small raised spots. Sanding helps flatten the warped boards and restore the floor’s appearance. Be sure to follow the grain of the wood to maintain the natural texture of the flooring.
5. Replacing Damaged Boards
In cases where the warping is severe and cannot be fixed with sanding, the damaged boards will need to be replaced. Carefully remove the warped planks and replace them with new ones that match the existing flooring. If your floor was installed as a floating system, this may be easier. For glued-down floors, this process may require more work and professional assistance.
6. Prevent Future Warping
After dealing with the immediate damage, it’s crucial to take steps to prevent future issues. Regular maintenance is key. Clean spills immediately, keep humidity levels stable, and ensure your HVAC system is in good working condition. For homes with high humidity, consider using moisture-resistant underlayment to protect the floor from moisture.